Improvement in paper-making machines



y the blocks attachedV to one .endof the slats.

l would appear extended 'horizontally between ,-der. The paper thus made has been deficientmachines, andthe useV ofcylinder `machines,

-made paper. Such a motion to the pulp I have UNITED STATES PATENT EEICE.

nomen n. toorn, or sARAToGA sPniNGs, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT` lN PAPER-MAKING MACHINES.

Spcciiication forming part of Letters PatentNo. 45,149, dated lNovember 22. 1864.

To @ZZ whom 'it may con/cern,.-

Be it known that I, EUNICE N. Fooien, of Saratoga Springs, in the county of Saratoga and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement on Cylinder Machines for. Manufacturing Paper; and Ldo hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which- Figure l is a section through the cylinder and apparatus, at right angles to the shaft of thecylinder and at about its middle. Fig. 2 is part oi'a' section,also taken at right angles to the shaft,- but through one of the belts and Fig 3 is a plan or View from above of` aportion of the belts and sla-ts attached, as 1t the'rolls Gand D. VFig.` 4is a perspective view of the apparatus in the vat that contains the'paperpulp.

In cylinder machines, as heretoforel constructed, the motion of the cylinder through the liquid in which'the pulp is diffused has created `a wash cr current along the surface of the cylinder, and thefibers of the pulp have' thereby been deposited upon'the face of the cylinder in directions parallel with each other and with the motion of the cylinin strength in that direction, and, besides, the parallel fibers give a hardness and roughness to the paper that is unfavorable to type in printing. Cylinder paperhas consequentlyv been inferior to that made upon Fourdrinier notwithstanding their" cheapnessl and many other advantages, has been limitedto the7 manufacture of cheap and inferior kinds of' paper.

I have remedied this defect by causing the fluid pulp when it approaches the. cylinder to acquire its motion and rmove along with it, so that as between the two-,there is no Inove-4 ment, and the pulp is' deposited upon the cylinder the saine as upon the sieve in'handbest given by means of an endlessband of slats. (Shown at SS S S inthe drawings.) They standoff about one-half of an inch from the cylinder, encircle all that portion of it on which the lpulp is `being deposited, and move along with it as if they constituted a portion ofit. The pulp ou its Way to'the cylinder enters between these slats and receives -from them their motion. Ihe wash is thus thrown outside ofl the slats and does no harm. The result is, I think, superior to Fourdrinier and fully equal to hand-made paper.

The slats are made about as long asr the cylinder. When of wood,'they are about one and one-.half inches deep, one-halt of an. inch thick at the back, andtapering so as to present an edge toward the cylinder. The inter-r val between them is about one inch. To each end 'of every slat is attached a block (as seen at S S in Fig. 2) about two inches long, two inches deep, and sufficiently Wide to fill the space between the slats. The -sides of the. blocks are beveled to correspond with vthe radii ofthecylinder, so that when their inner edges bear against the cylinder, as shown Vin Fig. 2, they close the space between the slats and prevent the pulp from entering at their ends.l Two rubber belts, two inches wide-.-

one for each end ofthe slats-connect the wholel ytogether. One or two wood-screws passing through the belt and into the block hold it securelyto'ilts place. The blocks bear against those portions of the cylinder that are covered with cloth to limit the widtlil of the paper, and being one-half of an inch deeper than the sla-ts they holdthem out that i distance from the face of the cylinder, toallow the pulp to spread evenly over it. A portion of the belts with lhe slatsattached is represented in Fig.. 3.-. -Clheslats may also be made of sheet-zinc,v

in :which case one inc-h in depth and a space ofiive-'eighths of an inch between them will besutcient. The outer edge or that next the belt should be rolled up to three or four .thicknesses tol give. the requisite stiffness. .The motion of this band of slats moving with .the cylinder from B to E, and thence returning Y around the rolls D and C, will be sufficiently obvious frorn'the drawings.

. In order to prevent any current endwise or between the slats, projecting: plates may be attached to the sides 'of the slats, or a corrugated piece of sheet-zincjof the width of the slats may be attached to the sides of them, as represented in Fig. 3.A

- At the side ofthe cylinder where the paper '..trst begins to lform I suspend from the rod a,

Fig. 1, a piece of leather or cloth, extending A cylinder by the action of the sla-ts.

across the whole face of the cylinder and down The journal of the roll E extends throughl into the water and pulp one or tivo inches, l the vat and receives on thc cud a pulley, by

`so as to cover that portion of theeylinder and prevent the formation of any paper upon it until the fluid has acquired the motion of the opposite side, where the pulp which has been formed upon the cylinder leaves the water and ascends to the coucher, the act of separating the delicateA and uupressed bers of the pulp from the liquid creates considerable disturbance, washes the fine particlesfrom the pulp, sometimes breaks up ..1:he pulp altogether, or leaves it in ridges orfblotches upon the-cylinder. In order torremedy this .diculty,'I place a small roll, b, Fig.1 of one inch or one and one-fourth inches in diameter below the surface of the Water. Another roll, C, is placed a few inches above the Water, and around them is a band, d, of rubber cloth or oilcloth, to which the pulp will not stick. The rolls and belt extend across the face of the cylinder and bear against the cloths around the ends of it sufficiently so that they shall be carried by the cylinder and move With it.4 The pulp is'thus held in itsplace while separating from the Water, and compressed and carried unbroken to the coucher.

Bearings for the several rolls B,-C, I), and'E,

that sustain the band of slats, as well as for' the rolls b and c, are provided by attaching pieces of plank to the inside of\ the vat by screws or bolts, as' shown in Fig'. 4. The boxes or thejournals of the roll B are made to slide in the piece of plank, and are held in place by screws and nuts, by turning which the tightness of the band of slats may be` properly ad justed.

On the l which a belt connected with some other part of the machinery aids in driving the baud of slats and the cylinder.

Flanges uponthe rollsB and E will be found useful to keep the band of slats in its place upon them, and, as one end of the cylinder is usually made a little smaller than the other, the end of the roll B must be corre.

spondingly enlarged until the belt is found to run true.

Considerable variety may be given to the form of the band of slats without'much affecting theres'ult. Probably, also, a band of rubbercloth with suitable oricesin it, or eren a band like a coarse-wire sieve, with proper elevations upon the sides, would partially effect the object. I do not intend to limit my claims to the particular form of band I have de- `scribed, although I regard that as the best.

What I do claim as my invention, and desire to secuieby Letters Patent, is-

1. vGiving to the pulp on its approach to the cylinder of a paper-machine Ithe motion of the cylinder, by means of the band' of slats de.

scribed, or other equivalent n'ieans, 'for the uses and purposes above set forth.

2. The combination, with the cylinder, of

an endless band of slats, or its equivalent, cou- ,structed' and operating` as and for the purpose-l described.

3. Ihe use of the rolls b and c and band d, or their equivalents, to effect the objects specified.

f EUNIGE N. FOUTE.

Witnesses: A. N EWToN, l

J. R. PECK. 

